Blood group

Blood :

It is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

Average human have 5 liter of blood in his body.

**Components:

• Heart – pumps blood

  

  Blood pumping process of heart

Blood vessels: 

• arteries – carry blood to organs and tissues
• veins – return blood to the heart
• capillaries – allow for transport to and from tissues.

Protein responcible for red colour of blood.

A blood group is based on the presence or absence of two proteins (A, B) on the surface of red blood cells. Because two proteins are involved, there are four possible combinations or blood types (ABO groups): 

• Type A - Only the A protein is present.
• Type B- Only the B protein is present. 
• Type AB - Both proteins are present. 
• Type O- Neither protein is present.

There is another protein involved called the Rh factor (Rh for Rhesus monkey, where it was first identified). The Rh factor is either present (+) or absent (-). Therefore, blood types are described as the type and Rh factor (such as O+, A+, AB-).

Two blood types are special: 

Type O- is called the UNIVERSAL DONOR because it can be given to anybody; it has no protein to cause clumps. 

Type AB+ is the UNIVERSAL RECEIVER because the recipient has all of the proteins and so will not form clumps. 

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@Jeewan

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